The Nuclear Power Dilemma
Why Nuclear Power when there are more safe and efficient processes?
Clearly because the features/benefits ratio has been sold (or successfully lobbied) to those who make the decisions. Let’s look at them for a moment:
Features:
Ever-growing and always underestimated costs
Questionable safety
Old and un-advanced technology
Site-location protests worldwide
Cost per kilowatt hour dependent upon changing market prices
Short, 40 year life-cycle
Massive maintenance costs
An end product fuel-rods disposal issue the world has yet to solve
Uranium-dependent, a scarce and expensive diminishing resource
Benefits:
Not coal, oil or natural gas dependent
Therefore, a cleaner environment
Sounds like a highly dubious tradeoff to me, at a time when technology offers so many better options. As my engineer-brother once said dryly, “it’s a hell of a dangerous way to boil water,” which indeed it is. When these things go wrong, as at Three Mile Island, Chernobyl and Fukushima, the results are socially disastrous. The French are world leaders in the development of nuclear power generation and yet the French Atomic Energy Commission has concluded that technical innovation cannot eliminate the risk of human errors in nuclear plant operation.
An interdisciplinary team from MIT have estimated that given the expected growth of nuclear power from 2005–2055, at least four serious nuclear power accidents would be expected in that period (Wikipedia). Four more serious accidents in the next 50 years? For me (and perhaps for you) that’s an unacceptable existential risk.
And by the way, got a place for those spent fuel rods? “Nope, but we’re working on it,” is the answer to a question that was originally asked some seventy years ago. Old processes with old technology and the old burning questions still unanswered, when we are in a new century, with new opportunities and a new challenge.
In the more safe and efficient processes area, solar and wind are getting the press coverage (both optimistic and pessimistic), while tide and geothermal are less mentioned, but have great potential. We’re creeping forward on the former and largely ignoring the latter—at a time when technology is available and the clock moves inevitably forward on environmental apocalypse.
Spain is at the forefront of Gemasolar Thermosolar development, with a fascinating project in operation that removes the obstacle of solar ‘going down’ during the night. A molten salt heat storage system is at the heart of this concentrated solar technology and focused it is, aiming computer programmed mirrors at a single spot on the ‘salt tower’ to produce intense heat. Pretty much what we all did as kids, focusing our magnifying glasses at a spot on a leaf to set it burning. Who knew that would become a source of electricity.
Traditional electric generators are steam-driven, the nuclear type as well, hence my brother’s remark about dangerous ways to boil water. Gemasolar, located within the city limits of Fuentes de Andalucía in the province of Seville, Spain is the first commercial solar plant with a central tower receiver and molten salt heat storage technology.
It cost approximately half a billion dollars and successfully powers the equivalent of 27,500 homes and its storage system allows it to produce electricity for fifteen hours without sunlight, at night or on cloudy days. It’s been doing this since 2011 and tweaks along the way make it increasingly efficient.
A solution? Obviously, not entirely, but a powerful advance over passive solar and one to be watched and emulated. One should keep in mind that Gemasolar is a ‘pilot plant’ and its costs reflect that. They will certainly come down remarkably steeply as the production of such plants expands. They are very applicable to industrial parks, outlying locations surrounding major cities and totally powering small cities throughout the world.
It was interesting to me that Gemsolar was located within the city limits of Fuentes de Andalucía. How comfortable would you be with a nuclear plant inside your city limits? How comfortable can any of us be, so long as nuclear extends its reach across the planet?
Wouldn’t it be lovely if Big Oil reinvented itself as Big Power and got their collective shoulder behind the wheel of renewable energy? Wouldn’t it be lovely if they gradually abandoned their questionable resources in Saudi, Iraq, the North Sea and the poisonous Tar Sands of Canada, as they put their expertise and finances behind something that might diminish both the sources of war and environmental extinction? Wouldn’t it be lovely if politics got out of the way and demanded it?
As the (annotated) My Fair Lady lyrics go;
All I want is a room somewhere
Far away from the cold night air
With one enormous chair
Oh, wouldn't it be loverly?
Lots of chocolate for me to eat,
Lots of solar makin' lots of heat.
Warm face, warm hands, warm feet
Oh, wouldn't it be loverly?
Indeed, it would be loverly.
If you’ve time and interest in reading a longer piece from the International New York Times, check out Sun and Wind Alter Global Landscape, Leaving Utilities Behind